Toxic Pollutants Found in Killer Whales Along British Columbia Coast
Scientists from the University of British Columbia (UBC), the British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and Food, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada have discovered widespread chemical contamination in southern resident and Bigg’s killer whales. The study analyzed tissue samples from 12 stranded whales collected between 2006 and 2018.
Key Findings
- 4-Nonylphenol (4NP) Prevalence: This chemical, commonly used in toilet paper, detergents, soaps, and textiles, accounted for 46% of pollutants detected in killer whale samples. 4NP is a toxic substance in Canada known to interact with the nervous system and influence cognitive function.
- ‘Forever Chemicals’: Over half of identified pollutants belong to long-lasting compounds such as 7:3-fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (7:3 FTCA), widely used in packaging, fabrics, cookware, and fire extinguishers. These chemicals bioaccumulate through the food chain and affect top predators.
- Mother-to-Fetus Transfer: The study revealed that pollutants are transferred in utero, with 95% of 4NP passed from mother to fetus, raising concerns for population health and reproduction.
- Food Chain Implications: Pollutants reaching top predators indicate contamination throughout the marine ecosystem, with potential implications for humans consuming Pacific salmon and other seafood.
Significance and Recommendations
The findings highlight the urgent need to regulate emerging pollutants and identify sources of marine contamination. Halting the production of 4NP and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like 7:3 FTCA, along with monitoring marine ecosystems, can help protect endangered killer whales and broader ocean health.
